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Spinal fusion surgery is a procedure that combines two or more vertebrae in the spine to eliminate movement between them. This operation is commonly performed to treat various back issues, such as chronic pain, herniated discs, or degenerative disc disease. The goal of the surgery is to stabilise the spine, relieve pain, and improve mobility.
In this blog, we will walk you through the spinal fusion procedure, its risks, and the recovery process. If you're dealing with chronic back pain and considering surgery, understanding what’s involved will help you make an informed decision.
What is Spinal Fusion Surgery?
Spinal fusion surgery involves fusing two or more vertebrae together, eliminating the movement between them. The surgery aims to restore stability to the spine by encouraging the vertebrae to heal and grow together as a single solid bone. While the surgery helps to alleviate pain, it does not restore full mobility.
The procedure can be performed in different ways, depending on the underlying issue and the part of the spine that needs treatment. Some of the most common techniques include:
Anterior Spinal Fusion: Performed through the front of the body.
Posterior Spinal Fusion: Performed through the back.
Lateral Spinal Fusion: Performed through the side of the body.
During the procedure, the surgeon uses a bone graft, metal rods, screws, and plates to hold the vertebrae together. Over time, the bone graft encourages the vertebrae to fuse together, creating a solid connection.
When Is Spinal Fusion Surgery Needed?
Spinal fusion is often recommended for individuals who experience severe and persistent pain that doesn’t respond to conservative treatments, such as physical therapy or medications. The procedure is most commonly used for the following conditions:
Herniated Disc: When a disc in the spine slips out of place and presses on nearby nerves.
Degenerative Disc Disease: When the discs in the spine begin to wear down and causing pain.
Spondylolisthesis: A condition in which one vertebra slips over another.
Spinal Stenosis: Narrowing of the spinal canal, which compresses the nerves.
Spinal Instability: When the spine is unstable due to fractures or conditions like scoliosis.
If you're suffering from chronic back pain, it's essential to consult a spinal specialist. A thorough examination will help determine if spinal fusion is the best treatment option for your condition.
Procedure: What Happens During Spinal Fusion Surgery?
Spinal fusion surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia. Depending on the severity of your condition, the surgery may take a few hours to complete.
Incision: The surgeon will make an incision at the location of the affected vertebrae. The incision can be made through the front (anterior), back (posterior), or side (lateral) of the body, depending on the area being treated.
Bone Graft Placement: The surgeon will insert a bone graft (either from your body, a donor, or a synthetic material) between the affected vertebrae. The bone graft helps promote the fusion of the vertebrae over time.
Stabilization: Metal plates, screws, or rods may be used to stabilize the spine and keep the vertebrae in place while the fusion process occurs.
Closure: The incision is closed with sutures or staples. A sterile bandage is applied, and you will be moved to the recovery area.
Risks of Spinal Fusion Surgery
Like any surgery, spinal fusion carries certain risks, although they are relatively rare. Some of the potential risks include:
Infection: Any surgical procedure carries a risk of infection at the incision site.
Bleeding: Excessive bleeding may occur during surgery, requiring additional medical attention.
Nerve Damage: There's a small risk that nerves surrounding the spine could be damaged during the procedure.
Blood Clots: Blood clots can form after surgery, particularly in the legs, leading to serious complications.
Failure to Fuse: In some cases, the vertebrae may not fuse properly, leading to the need for additional surgery.
Pain or Discomfort: While the surgery is designed to alleviate pain, some individuals may experience continued discomfort after the procedure.
It's essential to discuss these risks with your surgeon before deciding whether spinal fusion surgery is right for you.
Recovery After Spinal Fusion Surgery
Recovery after spinal fusion surgery can take time, and the process varies depending on your health and the extent of the surgery. Here's what you can expect during the recovery phase:
Hospital Stay: Most patients stay in the hospital for a few days after surgery. You’ll be monitored closely for any complications.
Pain Management: Pain is common after the procedure, and medications will be prescribed to manage it. Your doctor will help guide you through managing your discomfort.
Physical Therapy: After the initial recovery, physical therapy will be recommended to help strengthen the muscles around the spine and improve mobility.
Follow-up Appointments: You'll need to attend follow-up appointments to monitor your progress and ensure that the fusion is taking place as expected.
Timeframe: Full recovery can take several months, and the fusion process itself may take up to a year to complete. During this time, it's essential to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities.
Why Choose Continental Hospitals?
Continental Hospitals provides top-notch healthcare with the expertise of experienced spine specialists. Our advanced technology, skilled surgeons, and patient-focused approach make us one of the leading healthcare providers for spinal conditions.
We offer comprehensive care throughout your journey, from diagnosis and surgery to recovery. With our VITANOVA Rehab Centre, patients receive personalised rehabilitation services, which help restore strength and mobility in a safe and supportive environment.
At Continental Hospitals, we’re committed to improving your quality of life and helping you return to your daily activities pain-free.
Conclusion
Spinal fusion surgery can be an effective solution for individuals suffering from chronic back pain due to spinal conditions. While it involves a complex procedure, the results often lead to improved stability, reduced pain, and enhanced mobility. Recovery takes time, but with the right care and support, you can expect a return to your normal routine.
If you're experiencing symptoms, don't wait—contact our healthcare team at Continental Hospitals today. Visit the best neurosurgeon in Hyderabad.
Also, don’t forget, you can access comprehensive rehabilitation services at the Vitanova Rehab Centre at Continental Hospitals!
