Esophageal Cancer Treatment

High-energy radiation is used to destroy cancer cells or shrink tumors before surgery.

• External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) – Directs radiation from outside the body.
• Brachytherapy (Internal Radiation Therapy) – Places radioactive material inside the esophagus for targeted treatment.

Powerful drugs are used to kill cancer cells or stop their growth.

• Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy – Given before surgery to shrink tumors.
• Adjuvant Chemotherapy – Given after surgery to prevent recurrence.
• Palliative Chemotherapy – Used in advanced cases to relieve symptoms.

This treatment focuses on specific genes or proteins that promote cancer growth.

• HER2-Targeted Therapy (e.g., Trastuzumab) – Used for HER2-positive esophageal cancer.
• VEGF-Targeted Therapy (e.g., Ramucirumab) – Blocks blood vessel growth in tumors.

Boosts the immune system to fight cancer.

• Checkpoint Inhibitors (e.g., Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab) – Help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells.
• Effective for patients with advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer.

Minimally invasive procedures for small or precancerous tumors.

• Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR) – Removes early-stage tumors from the esophagus lining.
• Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) – A more advanced form of EMR for deeper tumors.
• Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) – Uses light-sensitive drugs to kill cancer cells.