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Causes of Multiple Myeloma Treatment
Chemotherapy
Targeted Therapy
Immunotherapy
Stem Cell Transplant (Bone Marrow Transplant)
Corticosteroids
Radiation Therapy
Chemotherapy uses powerful drugs to kill myeloma cells or stop them from dividing. It may be used before or after a stem cell transplant or in combination with other therapies.
These drugs target specific proteins or genes that help cancer cells grow. For example, proteasome inhibitors (like bortezomib, carfilzomib) block the enzymes that break down proteins in cancer cells, leading to cell death.
Immunotherapy boosts the body’s immune system to fight the myeloma cells.
Types include:
This involves collecting healthy stem cells (from the patient or a donor), administering high-dose chemo to destroy myeloma cells, then re-infusing the stem cells to restore bone marrow function.
Drugs like dexamethasone and prednisone help kill myeloma cells and reduce inflammation. They are often used in combination with other treatments.
Used to shrink tumors in specific areas or relieve bone pain caused by myeloma. It is not a primary treatment but helpful for localized control.
Before the Procedure
During the Procedure
After the Procedure
Multiple Myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells that accumulate in the bone marrow and interfere with the production of normal blood cells.
Common symptoms include bone pain, frequent infections, fatigue, and kidney problems.
It is diagnosed through blood tests, urine tests, bone marrow biopsy, and imaging scans.
Currently, it is not curable, but it is highly treatable with long-term remission possible.
Treatment options include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, stem cell transplant, and supportive care.
Success depends on the stage and response to treatment, with many patients achieving remission.
Treatment duration can vary from several months to years depending on the response.
Yes, relapse is common, but subsequent treatments can still be effective.
Side effects may include fatigue, nausea, infections, anemia, and bone damage.
Treatment itself isn’t painful, though side effects may cause discomfort.
Yes, treatment is often adjusted to the patient's age and health condition.
It involves replacing diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cells to help regenerate healthy cells.
Through regular blood work, imaging, and bone marrow tests.
A high-protein, nutrient-rich diet is often recommended to support the immune system.
Yes, many advanced treatments are available through clinical trials.
It uses drugs to specifically target cancer cell pathways, reducing harm to normal cells.
Yes, it can lead to kidney damage due to excess protein production.
It is not typically hereditary, but having a family history may slightly increase the risk.
Regular follow-ups every 3 to 6 months are recommended to monitor relapse or side effects.
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