Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. It can cause sharp chest pain, especially when breathing deeply or lying down.

Common symptoms include sharp chest pain, fever, fatigue, palpitations, and shortness of breath, particularly when lying flat.

Pericarditis can be caused by infections (viral, bacterial, fungal), autoimmune conditions, trauma, heart surgery, or as a complication of another illness.

While many cases of pericarditis are mild and resolve with treatment, severe or untreated cases can lead to complications like pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade.

Doctors use ECGs, chest X-rays, echocardiograms, and blood tests to diagnose pericarditis and rule out other heart conditions.

Treatment includes anti-inflammatory medications, colchicine, corticosteroids, antibiotics for infections, and in severe cases, procedures like pericardiocentesis or pericardiectomy.

Acute pericarditis typically lasts a few days to a few weeks. Chronic or recurrent cases may last several months or longer with ongoing symptoms.

Yes, pericarditis can be recurrent, especially if not treated effectively the first time. Colchicine is often used to reduce recurrence.

Mild cases may be treated at home, but hospitalization is necessary for severe symptoms, complications, or if a procedure is needed.

Pericardiocentesis is a procedure to drain excess fluid from the pericardium, often done in cases of pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade.

Pericarditis itself is not contagious. However, if caused by a viral or bacterial infection, the underlying infection may be transmissible.

Physical activity should be avoided during active pericarditis. Rest is crucial to recovery and preventing complications.

Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium (the heart’s outer lining), while myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle itself.

In rare and severe cases, complications like constrictive pericarditis can impair heart function and potentially lead to heart failure.

It's best to avoid processed foods, sugary items, and foods high in saturated fats. A heart-healthy, anti-inflammatory diet is recommended.

Children are typically treated with anti-inflammatory medications and close monitoring. Hospitalization may be needed for severe cases.

Stress doesn't directly cause pericarditis, but it can worsen symptoms or trigger autoimmune flare-ups, which may contribute to the condition.

Constrictive pericarditis occurs when the pericardium becomes thickened and scarred, restricting the heart’s movement and causing long-term symptoms.

Surgery is not common but may be required in cases of recurrent or constrictive pericarditis. Pericardiectomy is the surgical option available.

Follow your doctor’s treatment plan, complete medications as prescribed, avoid strenuous activity during recovery, and treat underlying conditions promptly.