Vulvar cancer is a rare type of cancer that forms on the outer surface of the female genitalia. It most commonly affects older women but can occur at any age.

Symptoms may include persistent itching, lumps, open sores, pain, and unusual bleeding in the vulvar area.

Diagnosis is made through a pelvic exam, biopsy, imaging tests (MRI, CT, or PET scans), and sometimes colposcopy.

Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and palliative care.

Yes, if detected early, vulvar cancer is highly treatable with surgery and other therapies.

Surgical options include wide local excision, vulvectomy (partial or radical), and lymph node removal.

Chemotherapy is used in cases where the cancer has spread or as part of a combined treatment approach with radiation.

Radiation therapy is effective in shrinking tumors before surgery or destroying remaining cancer cells after treatment.

Yes, recurrence is possible. Regular follow-ups and monitoring are essential for early detection of recurrence.

The survival rate depends on the stage of cancer. When detected early, the 5-year survival rate is around 86%.

Pain is not always a symptom, but as the cancer progresses, patients may experience discomfort, soreness, and pain.

Risk factors include HPV infection, smoking, age (over 50), weakened immune system, and chronic skin conditions like lichen sclerosus.

Yes, if left untreated, vulvar cancer can spread to lymph nodes, pelvis, and distant organs.

Recovery depends on the treatment. Surgery recovery may take a few weeks, while radiation and chemotherapy may require a longer period.

Depending on the treatment, fertility may be affected. It is best to consult a specialist before undergoing treatment.

Preventive measures include HPV vaccination, quitting smoking, maintaining hygiene, and regular gynecological check-ups.

Yes, HPV vaccination can significantly reduce the risk of developing HPV-related vulvar cancer.

A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains can help support overall health during treatment.

While alternative therapies like acupuncture and meditation may help with symptom relief, they should not replace medical treatment.

Regular follow-ups every 3–6 months for the first few years are recommended to monitor for recurrence.