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Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, affecting millions of people worldwide. While the diagnosis may sound alarming, it is important to know that skin cancer is treatable, especially when caught early. One of the most effective treatments for skin cancer is dermatologic surgery, which involves removing the cancerous growths from the skin. This blog will explain what dermatologic surgery is, how it works, and how it helps in the removal of skin cancer.
What is Skin Cancer?
Skin cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the skin begin to grow uncontrollably. The three most common types of skin cancer are:
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC): The most common type, usually appearing as a small, shiny bump or a red patch of skin.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): Often presenting as scaly, red patches or open sores that may bleed or crust over.
Melanoma: The most serious form of skin cancer, characterized by irregularly shaped moles or spots that change color, size, or shape.
While skin cancer is often caused by overexposure to UV radiation from the sun, it can also result from tanning beds or genetic predisposition. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent the cancer from spreading to other parts of the body.
How Dermatologic Surgery Helps in Skin Cancer Removal
Dermatologic surgery plays a crucial role in the treatment of skin cancer. The goal of the surgery is to remove cancerous cells from the skin while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible. There are several surgical techniques used, depending on the type and size of the skin cancer.
Excisional Surgery
Excisional surgery is one of the most common methods used to remove skin cancer. During this procedure, the dermatologist cuts out the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue around it to ensure that all cancerous cells are removed. This type of surgery is often used for larger or more aggressive tumors, and the wound is closed with stitches once the tumor is excised.
Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Mohs surgery is a specialized technique used to remove skin cancer with precision, ensuring minimal healthy tissue is removed. It is typically used for skin cancers located in areas where preserving cosmetic appearance is important, such as on the face. During this procedure, the surgeon removes thin layers of the cancerous tissue one at a time, examining each layer under a microscope to make sure all cancerous cells are gone. This process continues until no more cancerous cells remain. Mohs surgery is known for its high success rate and its ability to preserve the surrounding healthy tissue.
Curettage and Electrodesiccation
Curettage and electrodesiccation are often used for small basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma tumours. In this procedure, the dermatologist scrapes off the tumor with a curette (a spoon-shaped instrument), and then uses an electric needle to destroy any remaining cancer cells. This method is less invasive and is typically performed in a single visit.
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery involves freezing the cancerous cells with liquid nitrogen. The extreme cold destroys the abnormal tissue, causing the tumour to fall off over time. Cryosurgery is commonly used for precancerous growths or small, early-stage skin cancers. While it is a less invasive method, it may not be suitable for larger tumours or those located in sensitive areas.
Laser Surgery
Laser surgery uses focused light to remove cancerous cells or tumours. This treatment is effective for certain types of skin cancer and is often used when the cancer is in an area that is difficult to treat with traditional surgery. The laser energy vaporizes the abnormal cells and helps promote healing in the surrounding skin. Laser surgery is typically used for superficial skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinoma.
Benefits of Dermatologic Surgery for Skin Cancer Removal
Dermatologic surgery offers several benefits when it comes to treating skin cancer:
High Cure Rate: Surgical removal of skin cancer has a high success rate, especially when the cancer is detected early.
Minimizes Scarring: Advances in dermatologic surgery techniques, such as Mohs surgery, help to minimize scarring and preserve the cosmetic appearance of the skin.
Quick Recovery: Most dermatologic surgeries for skin cancer removal are performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you can go home the same day. The recovery time is often quick, with most people returning to their normal activities within a few days.
Precise and Targeted: Techniques like Mohs surgery ensure that only the cancerous tissue is removed, which helps in preserving the surrounding healthy tissue and reduces the chances of recurrence.
Minimal Discomfort: Local anesthesia is used during dermatologic surgery, which means the procedure is generally painless. Post-surgery discomfort is usually mild and can be managed with over-the-counter pain medications.
Post-Surgery Care and Recovery
After dermatologic surgery for skin cancer removal, there are a few things to keep in mind to ensure proper healing:
Follow-Up Appointments: It is essential to attend follow-up appointments with your dermatologist to monitor the healing process and check for any signs of recurrence.
Wound Care: Proper wound care is necessary to avoid infection and promote healing. This may include cleaning the surgical site and applying prescribed ointments or dressings.
Sun Protection: After surgery, the skin may be more sensitive to the sun. It is important to protect the treated area from sun exposure by wearing sunscreen, hats, and protective clothing.
Conclusion
Skin cancer removal through dermatologic surgery is an effective and reliable treatment for various types of skin cancer. With the right surgical technique, such as excisional surgery, Mohs surgery, or other methods, it’s possible to remove cancerous cells while minimizing damage to healthy skin. The recovery process is generally quick and manageable, and the outcomes are often excellent.
Consult our best dermatologists at Continental Hospitals for expert skin cancer care. Early detection saves lives—schedule your consultation today!
