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Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow. These cells normally help fight infections, but when they become cancerous, they can damage bones, affect kidney function, and weaken the immune system. What makes multiple myeloma challenging is that its early signs can be vague and often mistaken for common health issues like fatigue, back pain, or simple aging.
Recognizing the early signs of multiple myeloma is crucial for early diagnosis and timely treatment. In this blog, we will explore the subtle symptoms you should not ignore and explain how Continental Hospitals can support you through diagnosis and care.
What Is Multiple Myeloma?
Multiple myeloma begins in the bone marrow, where abnormal plasma cells grow uncontrollably. These cancer cells can crowd out healthy blood cells, create abnormal proteins, and weaken bones. Over time, this can lead to complications such as anemia, infections, bone fractures, and kidney damage.
The condition is more common in older adults but can occur in younger people as well. Early detection offers the best chance to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Early Signs and Symptoms of Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma often develops slowly and silently. Many people don’t realize they have it until they undergo routine blood tests or X-rays. However, there are early signs that should prompt a medical evaluation.
1. Bone Pain
One of the most common symptoms is persistent bone pain, especially in the back, ribs, or hips. It may start as a dull ache and gradually become more intense. Unlike regular muscle soreness, this pain doesn’t improve with rest and may worsen over time.
2. Frequent Infections
Cancerous plasma cells weaken the immune system, making you more prone to infections. If you find yourself getting sick more often than usual or taking longer to recover from common infections like sinusitis or bronchitis, it could be an early warning sign.
3. Unexplained Fatigue
Feeling constantly tired despite getting enough sleep can be a red flag. This fatigue often results from anemia (low red blood cell count), which is common in multiple myeloma. The fatigue may affect your daily activities and reduce your overall energy levels.
4. Unusual Weight Loss
Unintended weight loss without changes in diet or exercise can be linked to several health problems, including cancer. If you’re losing weight without trying, it’s essential to get it checked out.
5. Frequent Thirst or Urination
High levels of calcium in the blood, caused by bone breakdown, can lead to dehydration, excessive thirst, and frequent urination. This is known as hypercalcemia and is a common complication in multiple myeloma.
6. Numbness or Tingling
Sometimes, multiple myeloma can press on nerves or affect their function. This may result in numbness, tingling, or a “pins and needles” feeling in your hands or feet.
7. Shortness of Breath
Low red blood cell levels can make you feel short of breath, even with minimal physical activity. This is related to anemia and can appear early in the disease.
8. Bruising or Bleeding Easily
Because multiple myeloma can interfere with blood clotting, you may notice that you bruise or bleed more easily. This could include frequent nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or unusual bruises on the body.
9. Kidney Problems
The abnormal proteins produced in multiple myeloma can damage the kidneys. Symptoms may include swelling in the legs, foamy urine, or changes in how often you urinate.
10. Confusion or Mental Fog
High calcium levels or poor kidney function can affect brain function, leading to confusion, difficulty concentrating, or memory issues.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Many of the symptoms listed above can also be caused by other conditions. However, if you experience a combination of these signs—especially persistent bone pain, fatigue, and frequent infections—it’s time to consult a doctor. Early screening through blood tests, urine tests, and imaging scans can help identify the disease in its early stages.
How Is Multiple Myeloma Diagnosed?
Doctors typically use a combination of the following tests:
- Blood tests to detect abnormal proteins and low blood counts
- Urine tests to check for light chains (Bence Jones proteins)
- Bone marrow biopsy to examine the plasma cells
- Imaging tests such as X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans to identify bone damage
- Early diagnosis allows for better treatment options and improved quality of life.
Why Choose Continental Hospitals?
At Continental Hospitals, we provide comprehensive cancer care with a patient-centered approach. Here's why you should trust us:
Expert Oncology Team: Our hematologists and oncologists specialize in diagnosing and treating blood cancers like multiple myeloma with advanced therapies and precision.
Advanced Diagnostic Tools: We offer world-class laboratory and imaging services to ensure accurate and early detection.
Multidisciplinary Care: Our team includes hematologists, radiologists, nephrologists, and nutritionists who collaborate for your complete care.
Supportive Environment: From emotional counseling to nutritional guidance, we ensure holistic support during your treatment journey.
Proven Outcomes: With a high standard of care and evidence-based protocols, we aim to deliver the best possible results for every patient.
What Happens After Diagnosis?
If you are diagnosed with multiple myeloma, your doctor will develop a treatment plan based on the stage of the disease, your age, overall health, and specific symptoms. Common treatment options include:
- Targeted therapy
- Immunotherapy
- Chemotherapy
- Stem cell transplant
- Supportive care for symptoms and side effects
Regular monitoring and follow-ups are essential to track progress and manage complications effectively.
Final Thoughts
Multiple myeloma is a complex condition, but early detection makes a big difference. Being aware of its early signs—such as bone pain, fatigue, frequent infections, and unusual weight loss—can help you seek care sooner and improve your chances of successful treatment.
Spotting unusual fatigue or bone pain? Consult our best hematologist at Continental Hospitals for early multiple myeloma checks.
