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Cancer is a life-altering diagnosis, but advancements in medicine have made it possible to fight back—especially when it comes to cancers of the stomach and lungs. Stomach and lung cancers are among the most common and challenging cancers, but surgery remains a cornerstone of treatment. In this blog, we’ll explore how surgery is used to treat stomach and lung cancers, the different types of surgeries involved, and why timely intervention can make all the difference.
Understanding Stomach Cancer and Lung Cancer
Before we dive into surgery options, it’s important to understand the basics of stomach and lung cancers.
Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer): This type of cancer originates in the lining of the stomach. It is often diagnosed in later stages due to subtle symptoms in the early stages. Common symptoms include persistent stomach pain, nausea, unexplained weight loss, and difficulty swallowing.
Lung Cancer: Lung cancer can develop in either the small airways (small cell lung cancer) or the larger airways (non-small cell lung cancer). It is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, and symptoms may include a persistent cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, or coughing up blood.
Both types of cancers are serious, but early detection and surgery can improve the chances of successful treatment and recovery.
The Role of Surgery in Treating Stomach and Lung Cancers
Surgery is often the first line of treatment for both stomach and lung cancer, especially when the cancer is localized and has not spread to other parts of the body. Surgery aims to remove the cancerous tissue and, in some cases, nearby lymph nodes to prevent the spread of cancer.
Stomach Cancer Surgery
There are several types of surgeries used to treat stomach cancer, depending on the location and size of the tumour. The main surgical options are:
Gastrectomy (Partial or Total): This surgery involves removing part or all of the stomach. If the cancer is confined to a small part of the stomach, a partial gastrectomy may be performed. In more advanced cases, a total gastrectomy, where the entire stomach is removed, may be necessary.
Lymph Node Removal: In addition to removing the tumour, surgeons often remove nearby lymph nodes to ensure that the cancer hasn’t spread. This is an essential part of stomach cancer surgery because it helps reduce the risk of recurrence.
Palliative Surgery: If the cancer is too advanced for curative surgery, a procedure may be done to alleviate symptoms, such as a blockage in the stomach, making it easier for the patient to eat and digest food.
The goal of stomach cancer surgery is to remove as much of the tumour as possible while preserving as much function as possible. After surgery, patients may need chemotherapy or radiation therapy to destroy any remaining cancer cells.
Lung Cancer Surgery
Lung cancer surgery is typically considered for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the most common type of lung cancer. The surgical options depend on the size, location, and stage of the tumour.
Lobectomy: This is the most common surgery for lung cancer. It involves removing one of the lobes of the lung. Since the lungs are made up of several lobes, patients can often function with just a portion of one lung after the surgery.
Pneumonectomy: In more advanced cases, the surgeon may need to remove an entire lung. This procedure is less common than lobectomy but may be necessary when the cancer has spread to a larger portion of the lung.
Segmentectomy or Wedge Resection: These are less invasive procedures where a small section or wedge of the lung is removed. These surgeries are usually performed when the cancer is small and has not spread extensively.
Lymph Node Removal: Similar to stomach cancer surgery, lymph nodes near the cancer are often removed to check for any signs of cancer spread. If cancer is found in the lymph nodes, additional treatments like chemotherapy may be needed.
Minimally Invasive Surgery: With the advent of robotic and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), lung cancer surgery has become less invasive. These techniques use small incisions and cameras, resulting in quicker recovery times and less pain.
Surgery for lung cancer can be highly effective, especially in early-stage cancers. However, surgery alone is often followed by additional treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, or targeted therapies to ensure the cancer doesn’t return.
Benefits of Surgery for Stomach and Lung Cancers
Increased Survival Rates: Surgery provides the best chance for long-term survival in both stomach and lung cancer patients, particularly when the cancer is detected early. It can help remove the cancer and prevent its spread, allowing patients to live cancer-free for many years.
Improved Quality of Life: In cases where the cancer is advanced but not curable, surgery can still provide relief from symptoms, such as blockages or pain, allowing patients to feel better and eat more comfortably.
Minimally Invasive Options: For lung cancer, minimally invasive surgical techniques mean that patients experience less pain, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery times.
Targeted Treatment: When combined with chemotherapy or radiation, surgery can offer a comprehensive approach to fighting cancer, attacking it from multiple angles and reducing the risk of recurrence.
Recovery After Surgery
Recovery from stomach and lung cancer surgery varies depending on the type of procedure and the patient’s overall health. In general, patients can expect a hospital stay of several days to a week, followed by a period of rest and rehabilitation at home. During recovery, patients may need to adjust their diet or breathing techniques, depending on the surgery performed.
It’s important for patients to follow their doctor’s instructions regarding post-operative care, including taking medications, managing pain, and attending follow-up appointments. Patients should also be aware of any signs of infection, such as fever or increased pain, and seek medical attention promptly.
The Role of a Multidisciplinary Team
When it comes to stomach and lung cancer treatment, a multidisciplinary team of specialists is crucial. This team typically includes:
- Oncologists who specialize in cancer treatment
- Surgeons skilled in gastro and thoracic oncology
- Radiologists for imaging and diagnosing cancer
- Pathologists who examine tissue samples to determine cancer type and stage
- Nurses and nutritionists who help manage recovery and well-being
Working together, these professionals ensure the best possible care and outcomes for patients.
Conclusion: Early Detection and Timely Intervention
Both stomach and lung cancers are serious conditions, but with early detection and prompt treatment, including surgery, patients can significantly improve their chances of survival and quality of life. Advances in surgical techniques, such as minimally invasive surgeries, offer patients faster recovery times and better outcomes.
For expert gastro & thoracic oncology care, consult the best surgical oncologist at Continental Hospitals. Book your appointment today!
