Menorrhagia: What Causes Heavy Periods?

Heavy menstrual bleeding, also known as menorrhagia, is a condition that affects many women at different stages of life. It is more than just a heavier flow than usual. Women experiencing menorrhagia may notice periods lasting longer than seven days or having such a heavy flow that it disrupts daily activities. If left untreated, it can lead to fatigue, anemia, and other health issues. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is important to maintain overall reproductive health.

What Is Menorrhagia?

Menorrhagia is defined as excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding. While the normal period lasts between three to five days, women with menorrhagia may experience bleeding for a week or more. The flow can be so heavy that it requires frequent changes of sanitary products. Some women may also pass large blood clots during menstruation.

It is important to note that heavy bleeding is not always due to a serious condition. However, persistent menorrhagia can affect quality of life, causing fatigue, weakness, and even iron deficiency anemia.

Common Causes of Heavy Periods

Several factors can contribute to heavy menstrual bleeding. Understanding the underlying cause is key to effective treatment. Some of the common causes include:

Hormonal Imbalance
Hormones play a vital role in regulating the menstrual cycle. An imbalance in estrogen and progesterone can lead to excessive thickening of the uterine lining, causing heavier bleeding. Hormonal issues are common in women approaching menopause, teenagers who have just started menstruating, or those with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Uterine Fibroids
Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause prolonged or heavy menstrual bleeding. They may also lead to pelvic pain, pressure, or bloating. The size and location of fibroids influence the severity of symptoms.

Polyps
Uterine polyps are small, benign growths attached to the uterine lining. They can cause irregular and heavy bleeding during periods or between cycles. Polyps are more common in women over 30 and can affect fertility if untreated.

Adenomyosis
Adenomyosis occurs when the inner lining of the uterus breaks through the muscle wall. This condition can cause painful and heavy periods, as well as bloating and pressure in the lower abdomen.

Bleeding Disorders
Some women have bleeding disorders such as von Willebrand disease or platelet function disorders. These conditions make it difficult for blood to clot properly, leading to heavy periods.

Medications
Certain medications, including blood thinners and some hormonal therapies, can contribute to heavier menstrual flow. It is important to discuss any medication-related side effects with a gynecologist.

Thyroid Problems
An underactive or overactive thyroid can affect menstrual cycles, causing heavier or irregular periods. Thyroid hormones influence metabolism and overall hormonal balance in the body.

Cancer
In rare cases, heavy menstrual bleeding may indicate uterine or cervical cancer. It is essential to consult a doctor if abnormal bleeding is persistent, especially after menopause.

Symptoms to Watch Out For

Heavy menstrual bleeding may be accompanied by other symptoms. It is important to recognize them early for timely treatment. Common signs include:

• Bleeding that lasts longer than seven days
• Passing large blood clots
• Needing to change sanitary products frequently
• Fatigue or weakness due to anemia
• Shortness of breath or dizziness
• Painful cramps during periods

If you experience these symptoms regularly, it is important to consult a gynecologist to rule out any underlying conditions.

Diagnosis of Menorrhagia

Diagnosing the cause of heavy periods involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and tests. These may include:

• Blood tests to check for anemia or hormonal imbalance
• Ultrasound or MRI to detect fibroids, polyps, or adenomyosis
• Endometrial biopsy to rule out abnormal tissue or cancer
• Thyroid function tests

A comprehensive evaluation helps in determining the most effective treatment plan.

Treatment Options

Treatment for menorrhagia depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Options include:

Medications
Hormonal medications such as birth control pills, hormonal IUDs, or other hormone therapies can regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce heavy bleeding. Non-hormonal medications may help in improving clotting and managing anemia.

Minimally Invasive Procedures
Procedures like endometrial ablation, hysteroscopy, or uterine artery embolization can treat fibroids, polyps, and other structural causes of menorrhagia.

Surgery
In severe cases, a hysterectomy may be recommended. This is usually considered when other treatments have failed or when there is a risk of serious complications.

Why Choose Continental Hospitals?

Continental Hospitals is a leading healthcare facility providing comprehensive care for women with menstrual disorders. Here’s why patients trust us:

• JCI-accredited hospital ensuring world-class standards in patient safety and care
• Highly experienced gynecologists specializing in menstrual disorders, reproductive health, and minimally invasive procedures
• Advanced diagnostic tools including ultrasound, MRI, and hysteroscopy for precise evaluation
• Personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s needs
• Supportive and empathetic care throughout treatment and recovery

Our team combines expertise with compassion to ensure patients receive timely and effective care.

Conclusion

Heavy periods can be more than just a nuisance. They can affect your daily life, energy levels, and overall health. Identifying the underlying cause and receiving proper treatment is essential. If you suffer from menorrhagia, don’t ignore the symptoms. Consulting a gynecologist can help manage the condition effectively and improve your quality of life.

At Continental Hospitals, our expert gynecology team is dedicated to diagnosing, treating, and supporting women with heavy menstrual bleeding. Book an appointment today to discuss your symptoms and explore the best treatment options for you.

If you are experiencing heavy periods, consult our best Gynecologist at Continental Hospitals for expert care and personalized treatment.