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Scoliosis is a condition that affects the spine, causing it to curve sideways. While a normal spine appears straight when viewed from behind, a person with scoliosis has a noticeable "S" or "C" shaped curve in their back. This condition can vary from mild to severe and can affect people of all ages, though it most commonly develops during childhood or adolescence.
What Is Scoliosis?
The spine is made up of many small bones called vertebrae stacked one on top of the other. Normally, these bones align in a straight line when looking from the back. In scoliosis, the spine curves sideways and may also twist or rotate. This abnormal curve can cause uneven shoulders, a tilted waist, or one hip higher than the other.
Causes of Scoliosis
Most cases of scoliosis have no known cause and are called idiopathic scoliosis. It often develops in children between 10 and 15 years old during growth spurts. Other causes include:
Congenital scoliosis: Due to spinal abnormalities present at birth.
Neuromuscular scoliosis: Associated with conditions like cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.
Degenerative scoliosis: Occurs in adults due to aging and wear and tear of the spine.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Scoliosis can sometimes be hard to notice in the early stages. Common signs and symptoms include:
- Uneven shoulders or shoulder blades.
- One hip appearing higher or more prominent.
- A visible curve in the spine when bending forward.
- Back pain or stiffness (especially in adults).
- Clothes not fitting properly or hanging unevenly.
In severe cases, difficulty breathing due to reduced space in the chest.
If any of these signs appear, it is important to get a medical evaluation.
How Is Scoliosis Diagnosed?
Doctors diagnose scoliosis through a physical examination and imaging tests:
Physical Exam: The doctor looks for asymmetry in the shoulders, hips, and ribs. A common test is the "Adam’s forward bend test," where the person bends forward and the doctor checks for abnormal spinal curves.
X-rays: These provide a clear image of the spine and measure the degree of curvature.
MRI or CT scans: Sometimes used to get more detailed views if the cause of scoliosis needs further investigation.
Treatment Options for Scoliosis
The treatment for scoliosis depends on the severity of the curve, the age of the patient, and whether the curve is likely to worsen. Here are the main treatment approaches:
1. Observation
For mild scoliosis with a small curve, doctors often recommend regular check-ups to monitor any progression. In children and teens, this means regular visits until they finish growing.
2. Bracing
If the curve is moderate and the child is still growing, wearing a brace may help prevent the curve from worsening. Braces do not cure scoliosis or straighten the spine but are effective in controlling curve progression.
There are different types of braces, and a specialist will decide which one is suitable based on the curve and patient’s lifestyle. Wearing a brace requires discipline and commitment, as it needs to be worn for many hours a day.
3. Physical Therapy
Physical therapy can be helpful in strengthening muscles around the spine, improving posture, and reducing discomfort. Specific exercises can improve flexibility and support spinal alignment. However, physical therapy alone does not correct the curve but can complement other treatments.
4. Surgery
Surgery is generally considered for severe scoliosis cases where the curve is large or worsening, or when it causes pain and breathing difficulties. The most common surgical procedure is spinal fusion, where the curved vertebrae are fused to stop progression and straighten the spine as much as possible.
Surgery is a major step and requires expert care, but it can significantly improve quality of life and prevent further complications.
Living With Scoliosis
Many people with scoliosis lead normal, active lives. Mild scoliosis may not require treatment, and even those with braces or surgery can participate in sports, school, and daily activities. Managing scoliosis includes:
- Maintaining good posture.
- Staying active with approved exercises.
- Following medical advice for treatment and check-ups.
Why Choose Continental Hospitals for Scoliosis Care?
At Continental Hospitals, we understand that scoliosis care requires a personalized and comprehensive approach. Here’s why we stand out:
Experienced Specialists: Our team includes expert orthopedic surgeons and spine specialists trained in the latest scoliosis diagnosis and treatment methods.
Advanced Technology: We use state-of-the-art imaging and minimally invasive surgical techniques to ensure precise care with quicker recovery.
Patient-Centered Care: We focus on educating patients and families, making treatment decisions together, and supporting every step of the journey.
Multidisciplinary Approach: Our care integrates orthopedic surgeons, physiotherapists, and pain management experts to provide holistic treatment.
Follow-Up and Support: We provide ongoing monitoring and rehabilitation to help patients achieve the best long-term outcomes.
Conclusion
Scoliosis is a spinal condition that, if detected early, can be managed effectively to prevent complications and improve quality of life. Recognizing symptoms early and consulting a specialist are crucial steps. Treatment options vary based on the individual’s needs, from observation and bracing to surgery and rehabilitation.
Concerned about scoliosis symptoms? Consult our best neurosurgeons at Continental Hospitals for accurate diagnosis and care.
