What Causes Flank Pain? Common Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Written by - Editorial Team
Medically Reviewed by - Dr Vineet Sakhireddy

On Mon, 05 Oct 2026 Pain Management

Whatsapp Twitter LinkedIn Instagram Facebook

Flank pain can be described as pain that is felt on the side of the body situated between the upper abdomen and the back. It can be localized either on one side or on both sides, which means both sides of the body can be affected. To some extent it can present one with a slight sensation of pain to sudden, sharp, and intense pain. In many cases this pain develops due to a problem related to the kidneys, urinary system, muscles, nerves, or nearby organs.

There can be several causes of flank pain, which can include mild muscle strain, kidney stones, or urinary infections. The location of pain, its intensity, the period of time for which this pain has been felt by the patient, and symptoms accompanying the pain can help the doctors to determine the cause of this pain. Those who experience severe and persistent flank pain should go for treatment.

Can Kidney Stones Result in Flank Pain?

Kidney stones are one of the major reasons for intense flank pain. Movement of stone through the urinary tract causes intense pain and the pain could spread to the lower abdomen or groin.

Symptoms associated with renal stones may include:

Severe pain that comes and goes
Pain while urinating
Blood in urine
Nausea or vomiting
Frequent urge to urinate

Visit the Urology Department in Hyderabad at Continental Hospitals for expert evaluation and comprehensive urological care.

Can a kidney infection result in flank pain?

A kidney infection can cause flank pain and other symptoms. The infection occurs as bacteria travel from the urinary system towards the kidneys.

Symptoms may include:

Fever or chills
Pain in any side
Burning sensation during urination
Need to urinate more frequently
Noticeable smell or cloudy urine
Nausea or vomiting

Please note that it is important to seek medical help in case of kidney infection.

Is it Possible for Muscle Strain to Result in Flank Pain?

Did you know that an injury or strenuous exercise can lead to flank pain? The answer is yes. Muscle strain is another common cause of flank pain, especially after lifting heavy objects, exercising, experiencing sudden movements, or maintaining bad posture.

Pain caused by strain on the muscles typically worsens during movement, twisting, bending, or touching the affected area.

Is it Possible for Urinary Problems to Cause Flank Pain?

Again, yes! Certain urinary conditions do lead to pain in the sides or back; the most relevant examples are urinary obstructions, infections, and other ailments affecting the kidneys or the urinary tract.

If flank pain is experienced together with a change in urination, it is advisable to consult a doctor for thorough evaluation.

What Symptom Can Be Associated with Flank Pain?

Some different symptoms may occur while experiencing flank pain. The symptoms depend on the specific problem.

You may experience:

Limited or intense pain on a single side
Bilateral pain
Pain radiating to the abdomen or groin
Fever or chills
Vomiting
Burning while urinating
Increased urination
Blood in the urine
Muscle stiffness

The combination of symptoms may provide helpful information about the cause of pain.

Need an Appointment?

Is There Any Difference Between Left Flank Pain and Right Flank Pain?

Does it matter on which side of the body there’s pain? Yes, it may. Left flank pain may occur due to problems associated with the left kidney, muscles, and urinary system. Right flank pain may be the result of any problem with the right kidney, muscles, urine waste systems, or surrounding organs.

Nevertheless, localization couldn’t lead to the identification of the reason for pain.

How Is Flank Pain Diagnosed?

What methods do doctors utilize to identify the causes of flank pain? Diagnosis typically starts with thorough discussions regarding the pain and physical examinations.

Depending on the symptoms exhibited by the patient, the physician may carry out the following tests:

Urinalysis for infection or bleeding
Blood tests to study the state of the kidneys and check for infection
Ultrasound of the kidneys and excretory system
CT scan if necessary, especially if kidney stones are expected
Other tests depending on the suspected causes.

Diagnosis of flank pain is aimed at finding the root of the problem rather than merely treating the pain.

How is the Pain in the Flanks Addressed?

How do we tackle flank pain? It all depends on what caused the pain.

When talking about:

Pain due to muscles - most probably it can be healed by simply taking rest or normal medication.
Kidney stones - in this case the doctor prescribes something according to the size and position of the stone.
Kidney infections treatment must always be of medical nature.
Urinary obstruction needs treatment as well in order to restore normal urine flow.

Do not try to treat persistent or severe pain without knowing its cause.

When is a health professional needed for flank pain?

In case of severe flank pain requiring medical assistance, it is always a wise decision to consult a doctor; if you experience recurrent, persistent, or intense pain, accompanied by other medical symptoms, a doctor’s consultation may be needed.

Call your doctor as soon as possible if you have:

Sudden or severe pain in the side
Fever or chills
Blood while urinating
Trouble urinating
Constant vomiting
Pain after injury
Sudden severe pain extending toward the groin
Recurring flank pain

Why Choose Continental Hospitals for Flank Pain Treatment?

Why is it critical to see a specialist for flank pain? Because the reasons for flank pain can range from muscle issues to renal and urinary conditions, a proper diagnosis is necessary for efficient treatment.

Continental Hospitals in Hyderabad provides comprehensive diagnostic and treatment services backed by skilled specialists, cutting-edge medical technology, and multidisciplinary expertise. The hospital adheres to established quality and patient safety norms and is accredited by JCI and NABH, which demonstrates its adherence to internationally recognized health care practices and quality patient service.

Patients are able to undergo coordinated evaluation in order to detect the cause of flank pain and develop an effective treatment plan appropriate to their case.

What is important to remember about flank pain?

As follows:

Flank pain may affect only one side of the body or both.
Kidney problems like kidney stones or kidney infections are two significant causes of flank pain.
Muscle strain can also lead to flank pain.
Left flank pain has its own causes as well as right flank pain.
Flank pain that is accompanied by fever, blood in urine, and trouble urinating will require immediate intervention.
Flank pain diagnostics include urine, blood tests, imaging like ultrasound, etc.
Treatment of flank pain depends on its cause.
It is recommended to seek medical assistance in case of severe flank pain.

Conclusion

What causes flank pain cannot always be determined from the location of the pain alone. Kidney stones, kidney infections, urinary problems, muscle strain, and several other conditions can cause similar symptoms. Paying attention to associated symptoms and seeking appropriate medical evaluation can help identify the cause and guide proper treatment.

If you suffer from persistent flank pain, severe pain on one side, urinary problems, fever, or recurring discomfort, consult our best urologist in Hyderabad at Continental Hospitals, Hyderabad, for proper diagnosis and personalized treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is flank pain?

Flank pain is discomfort felt on the side of the body between the ribs and hips. It may occur on the left side, right side, or both sides. The pain can be mild, moderate, or severe. It may feel dull, aching, sharp, or cramping. Flank pain can develop suddenly or gradually. Kidney problems are one possible cause of flank pain. Muscle strain can also cause pain in this area. Urinary tract infections may sometimes lead to flank discomfort. Kidney stones can cause severe and sudden flank pain. Digestive or spinal conditions may also cause similar symptoms. The exact cause depends on the location and nature of the pain. Other symptoms can help identify the underlying problem. Persistent or severe flank pain should be evaluated by a doctor.

What causes flank pain?

Flank pain can have several possible causes. Kidney stones are a common cause of sudden and severe pain. Kidney infections can cause flank pain along with fever or urinary symptoms. A urinary tract infection may sometimes spread toward the kidneys. Muscle strain can cause pain after exercise, lifting, or injury. Back or spine problems may also be felt as flank pain. Digestive conditions can occasionally cause pain in the side of the abdomen. Shingles may cause burning or painful skin sensations on one side. Dehydration may contribute to discomfort in some situations. Certain kidney conditions can also cause persistent flank pain. The severity and duration of symptoms can provide useful clues. A medical evaluation may be needed to identify the exact cause. Treatment depends on the condition responsible for the pain.

Can kidney stones cause flank pain?

Yes, kidney stones can cause intense flank pain. The pain may begin suddenly and can be very severe. It may come in waves as the stone moves through the urinary tract. Pain can sometimes spread toward the lower abdomen or groin. Some people may experience nausea or vomiting with kidney stones. Blood may also appear in the urine. Frequent urination or pain while urinating can occur in some cases. The symptoms may vary depending on the size and location of the stone. Small stones may pass naturally with appropriate medical guidance. Larger stones may require additional treatment. Imaging tests can help identify the size and position of a stone. Doctors may recommend pain management and other treatments. Seek urgent medical care if severe pain occurs with fever or difficulty urinating.

Can a kidney infection cause flank pain?

Yes, a kidney infection can cause pain in the flank area. The pain may occur on one side or sometimes both sides. Fever and chills can occur with a kidney infection. Some people may experience nausea or vomiting. Burning or pain during urination may also occur. Frequent or urgent urination can be another symptom. Urine may appear cloudy or have an unusual smell. Kidney infections often develop after bacteria enter the urinary tract. Prompt medical treatment is important to prevent complications. Doctors may recommend urine tests to identify the infection. Antibiotics are commonly used when a bacterial kidney infection is diagnosed. Drinking adequate fluids may be advised depending on the patient's condition. Seek medical attention promptly if flank pain occurs with fever or urinary symptoms.

Can muscle strain cause flank pain?

Yes, muscle strain can cause pain around the flank area. It may happen after lifting heavy objects or exercising. Sudden twisting or awkward movements can also strain muscles. The pain may become worse with movement or certain positions. Tenderness around the affected muscles may also occur. Muscle-related flank pain usually does not cause urinary symptoms. Rest may help reduce discomfort caused by a minor strain. Gentle movement can help prevent stiffness during recovery. A doctor may recommend suitable pain-relief measures when necessary. Severe injuries may require further evaluation. Persistent pain should not automatically be assumed to be a muscle problem. Kidney and other conditions can produce similar symptoms. Medical assessment is important when the cause of flank pain is unclear.

What symptoms can occur with flank pain?

Flank pain can occur with different symptoms depending on its cause. Some people experience a dull or aching sensation. Others may have sharp, severe, or cramping pain. Pain may sometimes spread toward the abdomen or groin. Fever and chills may suggest an infection. Nausea and vomiting can occur with severe kidney-related pain. Burning during urination may indicate a urinary problem. Blood in the urine can occur with kidney stones or other conditions. Changes in urinary frequency may also be important. Muscle-related pain may worsen with movement or physical activity. Skin sensitivity or a rash may occur with shingles. The combination of symptoms can help doctors identify the underlying cause. Seek medical care if symptoms are severe, persistent, or worsening.

How is flank pain treated?

Treatment for flank pain depends on its underlying cause. Kidney stones may require pain management and treatment to help the stone pass. Larger stones may need procedures to remove or break them. Kidney infections usually require appropriate medical treatment and antibiotics. Muscle strain may improve with rest and supportive care. Treatment for urinary infections depends on the type and severity of infection. Doctors may recommend imaging or laboratory tests when the cause is uncertain. Blood and urine tests can help identify kidney or urinary problems. Adequate hydration may be advised in certain conditions. Pain-relief medicines may be recommended when appropriate. Avoid taking medicines without medical advice if kidney problems are suspected. Persistent or unexplained pain should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. Treating the underlying condition is the key to resolving flank pain.

When should I see a doctor?

You should see a doctor if flank pain is severe or does not improve. Sudden and intense pain may require prompt medical evaluation. Flank pain with fever or chills can indicate an infection. Blood in the urine should also be medically assessed. Difficulty or pain while urinating is another reason to seek care. Persistent nausea or vomiting can require medical attention. Severe pain that spreads toward the abdomen or groin may need evaluation. Seek urgent care if you cannot urinate or feel seriously unwell. Pain following a significant injury should also be checked by a doctor. Recurrent flank pain should not be ignored. A healthcare professional can perform an examination and recommend appropriate tests. Early diagnosis can help prevent complications from certain kidney or urinary conditions. Do not delay medical care when symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is intended for general knowledge and informational purposes only, and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for any medical concerns or before making any decisions about your health.