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Rabies is one of the most serious viral infections humans can get from animals, especially from dog bites. It affects the brain and nervous system, and once symptoms appear, it is almost always fatal. The good news is that rabies is completely preventable if the right steps are taken immediately after a bite. Knowing what to do in those critical first moments can save your life.
Understanding Rabies and Its Risk in India
Rabies is caused by a virus that spreads through the saliva of infected animals, most commonly dogs. In India, dog bites remain the leading cause of rabies in humans. The virus can enter the body through even a small scratch if the skin is broken. Once it reaches the brain, symptoms like fever, headache, confusion, difficulty swallowing, and paralysis can develop. By the time these signs appear, the disease cannot be cured.
This is why prevention and prompt treatment are so important. If you are bitten or scratched by a dog, whether it is a stray or a pet, never assume you are safe. The animal might not show symptoms but can still carry the virus.
Immediate Steps After a Dog Bite
Acting quickly can make the difference between life and death when it comes to rabies. Here is what you should do right away:
1. Wash the Wound Thoroughly
The very first step is to clean the wound as soon as possible.
- Use running water and plenty of soap.
- Wash for at least 15 minutes to flush out any saliva and virus particles.
- If soap is not available, rinse with clean water and apply an antiseptic like iodine or alcohol.
Proper washing can remove a significant amount of the virus before it enters the body.
2. Control Bleeding
If the wound is bleeding heavily, apply gentle pressure with a clean cloth or gauze until it stops. Avoid using strong chemicals directly on the wound as they can damage tissue.
3. Avoid Closing the Wound Immediately
Do not bandage the wound tightly unless advised by a doctor. Leaving it slightly open allows better drainage and reduces the risk of infection.
4. Seek Medical Help Immediately
Go to the nearest hospital or clinic without delay. Rabies is a medical emergency, and every hour counts. Do not wait to see if the dog is healthy.
5. Get Rabies Post-Exposure Vaccination
Your doctor will decide the vaccination schedule based on your wound and exposure level. The rabies vaccine is given in multiple doses over a few weeks. It helps your body build immunity before the virus can spread.
6. Consider Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG)
For severe bites, deep wounds, or bites on the head, neck, or hands, your doctor may recommend Rabies Immunoglobulin. This injection provides immediate antibodies to fight the virus until the vaccine takes effect.
7. Tetanus Protection
If your tetanus vaccination is not up to date, your doctor will give you a booster shot. Dog bites can also cause tetanus infection.
What Not to Do After a Dog Bite
Many people make mistakes after a bite that put them at greater risk. Avoid the following:
- Do not apply chilli powder, lime, or herbal remedies to the wound.
- Do not cauterise or burn the wound.
- Do not wait to see if symptoms develop. By then, it will be too late.
- Do not rely on the dog’s appearance or behaviour to judge rabies risk.
Preventing Rabies in the First Place
While immediate action after a bite is critical, preventing bites and rabies exposure is even better. Here are some practical steps:
- Vaccinate your pets regularly against rabies.
- Avoid touching stray dogs or unknown animals, especially if they appear sick or aggressive.
- Teach children to stay away from animals they do not know.
- Report stray dogs to local authorities if they pose a risk.
- Wear protective clothing if working in areas with high stray dog populations.
Rabies Awareness in India
India has one of the highest rates of rabies in the world, but it can be eliminated with proper public awareness, pet vaccination, and prompt medical care. The government and healthcare providers are working to increase access to rabies vaccines, but prevention still starts at the individual level.
Why Choosing the Right Hospital Matters?
When it comes to rabies prevention and treatment, timely access to vaccines and skilled medical care is essential. You need a hospital that is equipped with:
- A 24/7 emergency department
- Availability of rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin at all times
- Experienced doctors trained in rabies management
- Strict infection control practices
Why Choose Continental Hospitals for Rabies Treatment?
Continental Hospitals is one of the most trusted healthcare centres in Hyderabad, known for its prompt emergency care and advanced medical facilities. We offer:
- Immediate availability of rabies vaccines and immunoglobulin
- A dedicated emergency team that acts quickly in bite cases
- Specialists trained in infectious diseases and wound management
- Comprehensive follow-up care to ensure full protection
At Continental Hospitals, our goal is to make sure every patient receives fast, accurate, and complete treatment after a dog bite. Your safety is our priority, and we are committed to preventing rabies deaths through awareness, vaccination, and timely intervention.
Conclusion
Rabies is preventable, but only if you take immediate action after a dog bite. Wash the wound thoroughly, seek medical help without delay, and complete your vaccination schedule as advised by your doctor. Never take a dog bite lightly, even if it looks small. With quick and proper care, you can protect yourself from this deadly disease.
If you suffer a dog bite or have concerns about rabies prevention, visit Continental Hospitals and consult our best Infectious Disease Specialist for prompt and expert care. Early action saves lives.
