Penile Cancer Treatment

Penile cancer is a rare type of cancer that develops on the skin or tissues of the penis. It often starts as a sore, lump, or abnormal growth.

Early signs include a sore or lump on the penis, red or velvety patches, thickened skin, foul-smelling discharge, and persistent pain.

Diagnosis includes a physical exam, biopsy, imaging tests like MRI or CT scans, and blood tests to determine the stage and spread of the cancer.

Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, depending on the stage of cancer.

Yes, if detected early, penile cancer is highly treatable and often curable with surgery or other treatment options.

Common surgical options include circumcision, Mohs surgery, glans resurfacing, partial penectomy, and total penectomy.

Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells. It can be external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) or brachytherapy (internal radiation).

Chemotherapy is used for advanced penile cancer and may be applied topically for early stages or given systemically via IV for more aggressive cases.

Yes, penile cancer can spread to lymph nodes, nearby tissues, and distant organs if left untreated.

The survival rate depends on the stage. Early-stage penile cancer has a high survival rate, while advanced cases have lower survival rates.

Risk factors include HPV infection, poor hygiene, smoking, phimosis (tight foreskin), and a history of penile inflammation.

Prevention methods include HPV vaccination, practicing good hygiene, quitting smoking, and regular self-examinations.

Early-stage penile cancer may not be painful, but advanced stages can cause significant pain, swelling, and discomfort.

In some cases, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy may be used instead of surgery, depending on the cancer stage.

Recovery time varies based on the treatment type. Minor procedures may take a few weeks, while major surgeries may require months of recovery.

After treatment, regular follow-ups are necessary to monitor for recurrence, manage side effects, and ensure overall health.

Yes, depending on the treatment type, some patients may experience changes in sexual function, but options like reconstructive surgery and therapy can help.

Fertility may be affected by some treatments, so sperm banking may be an option before treatment if future parenthood is a concern.

Side effects vary by treatment and may include pain, swelling, urinary difficulties, fatigue, or changes in sexual function.

Follow-up visits typically occur every 3 to 6 months for the first few years and then annually to monitor for recurrence.