Causes of Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease is a complex condition, and its exact cause is not fully understood. However, several factors are believed to contribute to its development:
Genetics: Family history and genetics play a significant role. Specific genes, such as the APOE-e4 allele, increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
Age: Advancing age is the single greatest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Most individuals with Alzheimer's are 65 years of age or older.
Brain Changes: Alzheimer's is characterized by the presence of abnormal structures in the brain, including amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. These structures disrupt communication between nerve cells and lead to their death.
Neurotransmitter Imbalance: Alzheimer's disease involves disruptions in neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that transmit signals within the brain. Imbalances in neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine are associated with cognitive decline.
Environmental Factors: Factors such as head injuries, low education level, and cardiovascular risk factors (like diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol) may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
Lifestyle Factors: Certain lifestyle choices, such as lack of physical activity, poor diet, smoking, and social isolation, may contribute to the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
Inflammation and Immune System: Chronic inflammation in the brain and dysfunctions in the immune system have been implicated in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease.